in longwall mining quizlet
France AOS2 (Key events) 50 terms. The author would like to thank the several coal mines of Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group Sunjiacha Longhua Mining Co.,LTD for providing us with effective access to the image database of fully mechanized mining face and agreeing to open the dataset. new roadway forming the longwall face. Joy longwall systems Longwall Mining | SpringerLink Detailed rehabilitation or reclamation plans are designed and approved, covering the period from the start of operations until well after mining has finished. The underground coal mine production of the fully mechanized mining face exists many problems, such as poor operating environment, high accident rate and so on. 2 Claridge Court, Lower Kings Road block are referred to as "gate roads". Considering that there is no target object to be annotated in some original images data, that is, the images do not include the mine personal, large coal, towline, hydraulic support guard plate and other target categories that need to be annotated. Gao, Y., Dai, Z. 22, 4389 (2022). Advanced Materials Research. up to 30 tonnes or more), the process of recovering the equipment from a gate roads have to be driven to high standards or problems will arise; good Electronics Letters. 13, 307 (2021). 12, 13557 (2022). 118 (2022). Caterpillar to exit underground longwall mining business with Digital Campaign Co-Ordinator (Northern Hemisphere): Scaling up face masks detection with YOLO on a novel dataset. When mining is done, rock pillars are removed. It is inseparable from the construction of datasets, but the downhole dataset is still blank at present. Caterpillar andHauhinco will work together to ensure a smooth transition to minimise any impacts to customers and dealers. On the reasoning behind the move, the company stated: To stay focused on Caterpillar core products and services, the company has made the decision to exit the longwall product line.. In accordance with the coal mining process of the fully mechanized coal face, once the hydraulic support plate is not in place or not fully recovered during the working process, it may cause the movement interference between hydraulic support and shearer. The image acquisition equipment is composed of IVG-G5A network HD camera and Openmv IMX335(1/2.8) lens. two roadways that form the sides of the longwall block, with one rib of this The availability and accuracy of the datasets were reviewed by experts in coal mine field. The WCA represents industry leaders, committed to building a sustainable future for global coal. Towline is used in fully mechanized mining face to ensure the power supply and stable operation of shearer. Scientific Data. J. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 71 (2022). In order to make it reproducibility of the datasets, we used ResNet50 to build a tri-classification automatic filtering network model to deal with the low-quality images that affected by downhole environmental factors such as high dust, water mist, motion blur, etc. Pang, H., Zhang, Y., Cai, W., Li, B. 3099067, Automation of longwall components and systems, Ventilation and methane, dust, and noise controls, Longwall power distribution and system control. Team Publishing Ltd mabi6571. . The dataset is open access and aims to support further research and advancement of the intelligent identification and classification of abnormal conditions for underground mining. International Journal of Simulation Modeling. 24 terms. It is necessary to automatically identify and track large coal, so as to timely judge and warn the abnormal state of large coal. subsurface mining Flashcards | Quizlet Email: [emailprotected] or [emailprotected], Posted by Paul Moore on 24th February 2022, AngloGold eyes autonomous haulage advantages at Nevada project, BME enhances blasting control and monitoring with next-generation Xplolog release, Appian Capital to take on Rosh Pinah zinc-lead mine in Namibia, Caterpillar has entered into a preliminary agreement with. 171, 24452452 (2020). J. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. Solution mining: An underground mining method that includes dissolving minerals or resources in a solvent and then extracting them. The downhole datasets are still blank at present, in order to construct and facilitate the promotion and application of image dataset of the fully mechanized face in the field of intelligent coal mining, the compatibility and practicability of the coal mine dataset should be taken into consideration. On February 23 a similar deal was announced with Simmons Equipment Co in Virginia, US for low seam room and pillar lines. Hence, the safety helmets are related to the safety of coal miners in fully mechanized mining face, and the wearing of the safety helmet for the coal mine staff also needs real-time monitoring. same output. However, in the process of operation, the traction cable would be broken or be removed from the cable slot due to the stacking of cable clamps, and the cable may be torn off, resulting in underground electric leakage, which may eventually lead to electric shock, gas, coal dust explosion, fire and other major coal mine safety accidents. An open dataset for intelligent recognition and classification of abnormal condition in longwall mining. Kiruthika, D. S. & Subalalitha, C. N. Intelligent deep learning empowered text detection model from natural scene images. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9. Learn. hydraulic jack are used to support the roof along the width of the panel. The area where the coal seam is extracted will cause the pressure to transfer from the hydraulic support to the coal wall, which may increase the pressure on the coal wall and eventually causes the phenomenon of coal wall spalling. Researchers can complete the label format conversion from YOLO format to COCO format, by visiting the following link (https://github.com/RapidAI/YOLO2COCO), the link provides the label format conversion code and the README file that can be used as a reference. The personnel entering the dangerous area should be timely detected and positioned, the corresponding voice reminder processing should be carried out, and the operation of the corresponding equipment should be stopped at the same time. J. Multimedia tools and applications. 34 (2021). This has included a licensing & IP agreement with Indias Gainwell Technologies, first for Gainwell to manufacture surface highwall miners in India, then more recently extending these agreements to include underground medium & high seam continuous miners and other room and pillar products including face haulers, roof support carriers, scoops/multi utility vehicles and feeder breakers. The coal mine image dataset produced in this work is of great significance for the application of deep learning object detection algorithm for the intelligent identification and classification of abnormal conditions for underground mining, which aims to support further research and advancement of intelligence in the fully mechanized longwall mining face . Aircraft detection in satellite imagery using deep learning-based object detectors. Joy-engineered powered roof support PRS solutions. The information contained in the label data mainly includes data type, number of labels and label coordinates. To suit the dataset, some hyper-parameter values such as width, height, batch size, initial learning rate and Epochs are modified. There is a history of cooperation between Hauhinco and . The camera can complete the image acquisition with a maximum resolution of 5 megapixels, the frame rate is 1~30FPS, and the used video formats are Flash video (FLV) and MPEG-4. Other incremental improvements including dust and methane controls, entry development, panel design and face move are addressed. A form of underground coal mining where a long wall panel of coal is mined in a single slice made possible by metal roof supports. Automation improvement such as tail-end automatic chain tensioner greatly extends AFC chain's service life. Xuhui Zhang professor mainly be responsible for the overall planning for organize dataset, Wenjuan Yang associate professor responsible for writing the thesis, Yongwei Liu in charge of collect dataset pictures, Mengyao Huang responsible for abnormal data filtering, Jianxing Yan, Bing Ma, Chao Zhang and Jicheng Wan are responsible for the dataset label annotation, Xuhui Zhang, Wenjuan Yang Yuyang Li, Yue Wang and Dian Zhao are responsible for the dataset label review, and put forward valuable opinion, Yujia Wu and Yanqun Wang are responsible for the training dataset, Manuscripts of the dataset were reviewed and reviewed by all authors. It recovers a higher proportion of the coal deposit than underground mining as all coal seams are exploited 90% or more of the coal can be recovered. repetitive process which is ideal for strata control and for associated mining The original image source of the DsLMF+ dataset will then be screened. There are two main methods of underground mining: room-and-pillar and longwall mining. In hydraulic_support_guard_plate_90_120 state, the unfolding angle of the guard plate is too large, which resulting in the gap between the guard plate and the coal wall is too large, and the support strength is not enough. Ruiz, I. adversely impacted. Gao, X. et al. Nguyen, H. Q. et al. There are mine management methods that can minimise AMD, and effective mine design can keep water away from acid generating materials and help prevent AMD occurring. The ability of the mine to develop new longwall blocks so that longwall production continuity is not 56, 12471250 (2020). 4.9, 5.7, and 6.7 ft. (1.5, 1.7, 2.0 m or more), Go to the Komatsu corporate website or a Komatsu website in your local region. Bauer, Z. et al. to fit into the excavation and allow room for access past them, for ventilation ADS PubMed Enable real-time decision-making and keep more workers out of harm's way with remotely managed automated longwall equipment. Currently, datasets are widely used in automatic driving, object detection, face recognition, natural language processing, text detection, medical and other fields7,8,9,10. Longwall Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com Francies, M. L., Ata, M. M. & Mohamed, M.A. The drive units have ATOC quiz 3. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.06137. Luo, S., Li, X., Zhang, X. The access links of DETA, ViT-Adapter-L and YOLOv7 that used to verify the datasets are respectively https://github.com/jozhang97/deta, https://github.com/czczup/vit-adapter and https://github.com/wongkinyiu/yolov7. Article DOTA: A Large-scale Dataset for Object Detection in Aerial Images. In some longwall installations, the heat created by the high power haulage drives may become a In room-and-pillar mining, coal deposits are mined by cutting a network of rooms into the coal seam and leaving behind pillars of coal to support the roof of the mine. Noise can be controlled through the careful selection of equipment and insulation and sound enclosures around machinery. Thank you for visiting nature.com. History The basic idea of longwall mining was developed in England in the late 17th century. The mAP values of YOLOv7 detection model can respectively reach 0.986, 0.976, 0.978, 0.868, 0.913 and 0.997, the mAP values of DETA detection model can respectively reach 0.976, 0.960, 0.958, 0.815, 0.914 and 0.989, and the mAP values of ViT-Adapter-L detection model can respectively reach 0.966, 0.961, 0.963, 0.854, 0.928 and 0.989. CRC Press. climate. Test. Those features are fully documented in the new edition. Copyright 2023 Komatsu. The original underground monitoring videos of the fully mechanized coal mining face were offered by several coal mines in Shaanxi Province of China, which were then screened and classified according to the different target object. Considering that the downhole datasets are still blank at present, this work constructs image dataset DsLMF+ for intelligent recognition of abnormal condition in underground longwall mining face, which mainly consists of the hydraulic support guard plate, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, coal miners and miners behaviour in the fully mechanized face. hydraulically powered supports and these supports are progressively moved across The modern longwall face is supported by Implementation of Video Transcoding Client Based on FFMPEG. DavidFlyn. All the above abnormal video images need to be manually or automatically eliminated in the process of image dataset production. Tackling methane emissions is also an important step in meeting the challenge of climate change, as its a potent greenhouse gas, and it can also act as a valuable source of energy. +44 7739 438 480, 2020 World Coal Association | Unless otherwise stated, all images are courtesy of iStock. The Labelimg software has been used to complete the label annotation of datasets in the YOLO format30, which make it convenient to be used in the currently popular YOLO series target detection networks. Learn. Qu, Z., Zhu, F. & Qi, C. Remote Sensing Image Target Detection: Improvement of the YOLOv3 Model with Auxiliary Networks. Which of the following methods is not a subsurface mining me - Quizlet The specific review method is as follows: five members with rich working experience in the coal mining field are selected to check the image dataset and label information one by one to see whether there are missing or wrong labels. In addition, the structural similarity index SSIM can be used to judge and automatically filter out the duplicate or similarity images. Longwall Mining. operations. J. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience. modern faces an "armoured face conveyor or AFC". Sensors. discontinuities or variations, already existing mine development and/or The greater the power, the larger the physical size of the drive units The answer (c) is incorrect because longwall mining is an underground coal mining method that uses metal ceiling supports to enable the single-slice extraction of a long wall panel of coal. 6, 110 (2022). In hydraulic_support_guard_plate_abnormal state, there is a problem in the structure of the hydraulic support guard plate, which should be replaced in time. Large opencast mines can cover an area of many square kilometres and use very large pieces of equipment, such as draglines, power shovels, large trucks, bucket wheel excavators and conveyors. In mining: Longwall mining In the longwall system the ore body is divided into rectangular panels or blocks. horizontal layer of desired ore is called a seam, the wall with the seam that is being extracted is the "longwall" and can be more than 300m long. are moved and relocated with the face equipment. The ore falls onto a conveyor belt and transport it out of mine. Operations are very concentrated ("all eggs in one basket"). A track mounted shearer is used to cut the coal. J. The overburden of soil and rock is first broken up by explosives; it is then removed by draglines or by shovel and truck. Research on Underwater Target Recognition Technology Based on Neural Network. The image and label files of the dataset in COCO format are stored as follows: the folder names of each dataset in data2023_coco are respectively coal_miner_data2023_coco, large_coal_data2023_coco, mine_safety_helmet_data2023_coco, towline_data2023_coco, miner_behavior_data2023_coco and hydraulic_support_guard_plate_data2023_coco. IM can now exclusively reveal that Caterpillar Inc is set to effectively withdraw completely from underground coal and soft rock mining through the divestment of its longwall business to Germanys Hauhinco Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, based in Sprockhvel, North Rhine-Westphalia. figshare https://figshare.com/s/1644c2e3d8295834ecf8 (2023). The abnormal condition of the working face was judged by specialized personnel through real-time video surveillance in traditional production process, this may result in the abnormal condition not be found in time because the visual fatigue during the long-term work. new block (often with much of it being taken out of the mine for overhaul on At the same time, in order to extend the application range of this dataset, the label format of the dataset has also been converted into the COCO format through label format conversion script, and therefore it could be used in the currently popular COCO target detection methods. Because of the unforgiving nature of longwalls, experienced labour is essential for successful FINet: An Insulator Dataset and Detection Benchmark Based on Synthetic Fog and Improved YOLOv5. Table9 presents the required site-packages and their corresponding versions for the above three different networks. The dataset label annotations for the hydraulic support guard plate states. Varadarajan, V., Garg, D. & Kotecha, K. An Efficient Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Object Detection and Recognition Using a Multi-Scale Anchor Box in Real-Time. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Lipkin, B. et al. To ensure the reliability of the DsLMF+ dataset in this work, we also conducted a comprehensive manual review of all images and their corresponding label annotation. Srivastava, S. et al. installed is referred to as the "main gate" (or "maingate"), with the roadway at the opposite end Future Internet. Self-advancing, hydraulically-powered supports temporarily hold up the roof while coal is extracted. There are 30704 mine personnel images with 24563 images in training sets and 6141 in validation set, 21017 large coal images with 16813 images in training sets and 4204 in validation set, 21412 towline images with 17129 in training sets and 4283 in validation set, 20117 mine safety helmet images with 16093 in training set and 4024 in validation set, 24709 miners behavior images with 19767 in training sets and 4942 in validation set, and 20045 hydraulic support guard plates images with 16036 in training sets and 4009 in validation set. The involved dataset labels of the hydraulic support guard plate states are shown in Fig. Article Longwall mining is an efficient mining method and using the right equipment can make it even more profitable. to support the newly extracted face as slices are taken, allowing the section 172 terms. Article In particular, the longwall system can now run automatically cut by cut forever without operators' intervention provided that the geology allows it. production and hence income is zero during this period. There is a history of cooperation between Hauhinco and Caterpillar notably Hauhinco working with the Caterpillar facility in Luenen to design complete water hydraulic systems for Caterpillar underground longwall mining systems. J. Computational Visual Media. 5) Due to the influence of the downhole environment and the distance between the target from the camera, the target object at a far distance is difficult to distinguish from other equipment. to divest the longwall product line. pressurec. When coal has been extracted from the area, the roof is allowed to . Underground mining currently accounts for a bigger share of world coal production than opencast. J. J. Procedia Computer Science. In addition, Caterpillar in 2020 had confirmed it was closing its Luenen, Germany underground coal longwall (and plow) mining equipment factory with production moved to Asia. Mine subsidence is where the ground level lowers as a result of mining taking place beneath it. (numbers of a magnitude of several hundred items, with many components weighing https://www.thefreedictionary.com/longwall, (Mining & Quarrying) a method of extracting coal from a mine whereby a long wall of coal is mined at one time, ENPNewswire-August 23, 2019--Mechel Reports Launch of New, "While some mine operators own some pieces of, Arch Coal announced that it has commenced development of a, It is common to see roadways laid ahead of workface in, Therefore, quantitatively relating the fracturing of the main roof to the change in strain energy in the rock around the, International Resource News-August 16, 2013--Cumberland Coal resumes operations at, Denver, CO, May 31, 2013 --(PR.com)-- Gates Corporation, a global diversified manufacturer of industrial and automotive aftermarket parts, will introduce its patent-pending iLok[TM] coupling for underground coal mines at the 2013, The 29 papers in this collection cover plow technology and its perspectives, and constructing and maintaining opening-out headings for plowing, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Mechel Reports Launch of New Longwall at Southern Kuzbass, Concerns about Bis-Cougar mining equipment deal, Arch Coal commences development of longwall mine in West Virginia, The Impact of Airway Geometry on the Distribution of Methane Concentrations at the Outlet from a Longwall, Accident Analysis in Relation to Main Roof Structure When Longwall Face Advances toward a Roadway: A Case Study, EFFECTS OF MAIN ROOF FRACTURING ON ENERGY EVOLUTION DURING THE EXTRACTION OF THICK COAL SEEMS IN DEEP LONGWALL FACES, -Cumberland Coal resumes operations at longwall mine, Gates Corporation to Introduce New iLok[TM] Coupling for Underground Coal Mines at 2013 Longwall USA Exhibition & Conference, New techniques and technologies in thin coal seam exploitation; proceedings, Longview/Gladewater/Kilgore, TX, USA - Gregg County, Longville Ambulance Subordinate Service District. 1, which is mainly divided into the following three steps: (1) Image data collection; (2) Image data filtering; (3) Data labeling. Apart from the direct cost involved, In hydraulic_support _guard_plate_90 state, when the unfolding angle corresponding to the state of the guard plate is 90, the supporting plate is close to the coal wall, which can play a well supporting role on the coal wall and effectively prevent the occurrence of coal wall slab accident in the fully mechanized mining face. Among them, hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00 state is the state when the guard plate is fully recovered and there is no interference with shearer operation. are capable of producing significant outputs from a single longwall face England HP4 2AF, UK, Tel: +44 (0) 1442 870 829 Longwall mining systems Logging Flashcards | Quizlet Xu, Z., Li, J. Define longwall. Therefore, it is of great significance to apply artificial intelligence technology to the analysis, identification and warning of the abnormal state, which includes hydraulic support guard plate, large coal, towline, miners behaviour and the wearing condition of safety helmet. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. The numbers before and after the underline in hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00_30, hydraulic_support_guard_ plate_30_60 and hydraulic_support_guard_plate_60_90 respectively represent the angle range corresponding to the unfolding state of the guard plate. Wide aspect ratio matching for robust face detection. J. Optik. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Peng, S. (2019). Longwall | Komatsu Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Scientific Data (Sci Data) The codes used for training and validation of the DsLMF+ datasets in this work adopts DETA, ViT-Adapter-L and YOLOv7 official published open source scripts, and the code of the above three deep learning network for dataset verification can be accessed via the following website link (https://github.com/jozhang97/deta), (https://github.com/czczup/vit-adapter), and (https://github.com/wongkinyiu/yolov7). the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Applied Sciences. A range of engineering techniques are used to design the layout and dimensions of underground mine workings so that surface subsidence can be anticipated and controlled. Major developments are automation, and health and safety technology, as well as equipment reliability, thereby greatly increasing productivity and cutting cost. The intelligence mining has become one of the important ways to address the high-risk underground work, and achieve the goal of safe and efficient underground production2. Comparative analysis of deep learning image detection algorithms. Reclamation Coal mining requires large areas of land to be temporarily disturbed. Xuhui Zhang. VinDr-CXR: An open dataset of chest X-rays with radiologists annotations. and more. PubMedGoogle Scholar. The information contained in COCO label files contains file name, image width and height, label category and label coordinates, etc. & Song, R. A real-time object detection model for orchard pests based on improved YOLOv4 algorithm. The DsLMF+ dataset of the coal mine image in the fully mechanized longwall mining face has been publicly available at the figshare data repository33. 3) When the fully mechanized mining face has stopped working, the camera still continues to collect images, resulting in a large number of repeated images in the collected video images. volume10, Articlenumber:416 (2023) longwall mining. In order to judge whether there is movement interference between the shearers operation and the guard plate, the images are labeled according to the unfolding angle of the hydraulic support guard plate in this work, so as to obtain the support state information of the hydraulic support of the fully mechanized mining face. ventilation capacity. Stay on top of trends with help from our experts, customer success stories and industry point-of-viewso you feel equipped to successfully maintain and optimize your operation. of pillar extraction are: A major decision to be made is the size of longwall Table8 presents the benchmark result of ViT-Adapter-L, DETA and YOLOv7 on the DsLMF+ datasets. The image data of mine personnel came from 58 different scenes, the image data of large coal came from 18 different scenes, the image data of guard plate came from 159 different scenarios, the image data of towline images came from 65 different scenarios, the image data of mine safety helmet came from 85 different scenarios, and the image data of the miners behaviors came from 67 different scenarios. operations. Longwall Mining, 3rd edition will be of interest to professionals and academics in the field of mining engineering specifically, serving both as a reference work and an (under)graduate textbook, but will also interest civil, geomechanical and geological engineers and rock mechanics professionals, as well as coal operators, mining consultants, researchers, equipment manufacturers, and government regulators. Scientific data. AFC's). completed block, transporting it to a new block and then installing it in the The software packages can be downloaded according to README files under the corresponding links on different networks, and can be installed with the python package installer (pip). Internet Explorer). The abnormal images that need to be processed mainly include the following situations: 1) When the fully mechanized mining face is affected by severe environmental factors such as high dust and water mist, it is difficult to identify the coal miners, large coal and hydraulic support guard plate, towline, mine safety helmet and miners behaviors in the collected images. . slices of a given width (referred to as a "web" of coal). 300m but may be longer) is created by driving a roadway at right angles between How much saliva does a horse produce a day? global warming Kumar, A., Kalia, A., Verma,K., Sharma,A. The benefits of longwall mining compared to other methods
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in longwall mining quizlet
